This study aims to identify the role of wettability on the heavy metal immobilization in the bio-retention system. In general, agricultural soils get wetted easily by water and thereafter evaporates water into the atmosphere due to atmospheric conditions such as sunlight, wind, temperature, and humidity. To lower the water loss, a layer of silane modify soil was laid on the ordinary hydrophilic soil. This system amazingly decreased the loss of water from the soil. The potential of hydrophobic soil for the removal of Cd(II) ions from the bioretention system was investigated. The effects of pH, mixing ratio, layer thickness were studied. In addition, the growth of the plant was analyzed. It was found that the length of roots, shoots, and the number of leaves and branches, etc. were significantly increased with the use of hydrophobic soil in comparison to hydrophilic soil with similar bioretention systems. Such a practical application can decrease water consumption and also help to prevent the distribution of heavy metals in the plant system. From the investigation, it is concluded that hydrophobic soil could be useful energy, environmentally friendly, and economically affordable tool for removal of Cd(II) ions from the bioretention system.

Dr. Kinjal J. Shah is currently working as an Associate Professor in the College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China. He completed his Ph.D. in the field of applied science from National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan in 2015. He has started his research carrier in 2009 from Shah Schulman Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology (SSCSSNT), DDU, India. During his last 10 years of research carrier, he has published more than 35 SCI papers and 2 books and 8 book chapters to International accredited journals. He has received the leading Young Scientist award from Society of Polymer Science Japan (SPSJ) in 2019, Japan, and Mayor Award from Taiwan. One of his research was nominated by ENI award, 2019, in the category of “Advance Environmental Solutions”. In addition, he has received many domestic and international awards from different societies and institutional bodies. He has been invited as lead speaker to many internationally accredited conferences. Moreover, he is serving as editor and guest editor in Elsevier and Bentham group of journals. His research activity is focusing on the synthesis of functional and biopolymer for environmental applications; implementation of green chemistry practice for pollution control; and physicochemical aspects of air pollutants.